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2016年6月大学英语六级真题PartⅠWriting(30minutes)
Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledTheCertificateCraze.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.
1.现在许多人热衷于各类证书考试
2.其目的各不相同
3.在我看来等
TheCertificateCraze
注意:此部分试题在答题卡1上.
PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)
Directions:Inthispart,youwillhe15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicearkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,pletethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.
MinorityReport
Americanuniversitiesareacceptingmoreminoritiesthanever.Graduatingthemisanothermatter.
BarryMills,thepresidentofBowdoinCollege,wasjustifiablyproudofBowdoin'seffortstorecruitminoritystudents.Since2003theall,eliteliberalartsschoolinBrunswick,Maine,hasboostedtheproportionofso-calledunder-representedminoritystudentsinenteringfreshmanclasserom8%to13%."Itisourresponsibilitytoreachoutandattractstudentstoetoourkindsofplaces,"hetoldaNEWSWEEKreporter.ButBowdoinhasnotdonequiteaswellwhenitestoactuallygraduatingminorities.While9outof10whitestudentsroutinelygettheirdiplomaswithinsixyears,only7outof10blackstudentadeittograduationdayinseveralrecentclasses.
"Ifyoulookatwhoenterscollege,itnowlookslikeAmerica,"saysHilaryPennington,directorofpostsecondaryprogramortheBill&,MelindaGatesFoundation,whichhascloselystudiedenrollmentpatternsinhighereducation."Butifyoulookatwhowalksacrossthestageforadiploma,it'sstilllargelythewhite,upper-inepopulation."
TheUnitedStatesoncehadthehighestgraduationrateofanynation.Nowitstands10th.ForthefirsttimeinAmericanhistory,thereistheriskthattherisinggenerationwillbelesswelleducatedthanthepreviousone.Thegraduationrateamong25-to34-year-oldsisnobetterthantherateforthe55-to64-year-oldswhoweregoingtocollegemorethan30yearsago.Studiesshowthatmoreandmorepoorandnon-whitestudentswanttograduatefromcollege–buttheirgraduationrateallfarshortoftheirdreams.Thegraduationrateorblacks,Latinos,andNativeAmericanslagfarbehindthegraduationrateorwhitesandAsians.AstheminoritypopulationgrowsintheUnitedStates,lowcollegegraduationratesbeeathreattonationalprosperity.
Theproblemispronouncedatpublicuniversities.In2007theUniversityofWisconsin-Madison–oneofthetopfiveorsoprestigiouspublicuniversities–graduated81%ofitswhitestudentswithinsixyears,butonly56%ofitsblacks.Atless-selectivestateschools,thenumbersgetworse.Duringthesametimeframe,theUniversityofNorthernIowagraduated67%ofitswhitestudents,butonly39%ofitsblacks.Communitycollegeshelowgraduationratesgenerally–butrock-bottomrateorminorities.ArecentreviewofCaliforniamunitycollegeoundthatwhileathirdoftheAsianstudentspickeduptheirdegrees,only15%ofAfrican-Americansdidsoaswell.
Privatecollegesanduniversitiesgenerallydobetter,partlybecausetheyofferallerclassesandmorepersonalattention.Butwhenitestoasignificantgraduationgap,Bowdoinhaspany.NearbyColbyCollegeloggedan18-pointdifferencebetweenwhiteandblackgraduatesin2007and25pointsin2006.MiddleburyCollegeinVermont,anothertopschool,hada19-pointgapin2007anda22-pointgapin2006.Themostselectiveprivateschools–Harvard,Yale,andPrinceton–showalmostnogapbetweenblackandwhitegraduationrates.Butthatmayhemoretodowiththeirabilitytoselectthebeststudents.AccordingtodatagatheredbyHarvardLawSchoolprofessorLaniGuinier,themostselectiveschoolsaremorelikelytochooseblackswhoheatleastoneimmigrantparentfromAfricaortheCaribbeanthanblackstudentswhoaredescendantsofAmericansles.
"Highereducationhasbeenabletoduckthisissueforyears,particularlythemoreselectiveschools,bysayingtheresponsibilityisontheindividualstudent,"saysPenningtonoftheGatesFoundation."Iftheyfail,it'stheirfault."Somecriticsblameaffirmativeaction–studentsadmittedwithlowertestscoresandgraderomshakyhighschoolsoftenstruggleateliteschools.Butabiggerproblemmaybethatpoorhighschoolsoftensendtheirstudentstocollegeorwhichtheyare"undermatched":theycouldgetintomoreelite,richerschools,butinsteadgotomunitycollegesandlow-ratedstateschoolsthatlacktheresourcestohelpthem.Someschoolsoutforprofitcynicallyincreasetuitionsandcountonstudentloansandfederalaidtofootthebill–knowingfullwellthatthestudentswon'tmakeit."Theschoolkeepsthemoney,butthekidleeswithloadsofdebtandnodegreeandnoabilitytogetabetterjob.Collegesarenotholdinguptheirend,"saysAmyWilkinsoftheEducationTrust.
Acollegeeducationisgettingevermoreexpensive.Since1982tuitionshebeenrisingatroughlytwicetherateofinflation.In2016thecostofattendingafour-yearpublicuniversity–afterfinancialaid–equaled28%ofmedian(中间的)familyine,whileafour-yearprivateuniversitycost76%ofmedianfamilyine.Moreandmorescholarshipsarebasedonmerit,notneed.Poorerstudentsarenotalwaysthebest-informedconsumers.Oftentheywindupdeeplyindebtorsimplyunabletopayafterayearortwoandmustdropout.
Thereoncewasatimewhenuniversitiestookprideintheirdropoutrates.Professorswouldbegintheyearbysaying,"Looktotherightandlooktotheleft.Oneofyouisnotgoingtobeherebytheendoftheyear."ButsuchaDarwinianspiritisbeginningtogivewayasatleastafewcollegeaceuptothegraduationgap.AttheUniversityofWisconsin-Madison,thegaphasbeenroughlyhalvedoverthelastthreeyears.Theuniversityhaspouredresourcesintopeercounselingtohelpstudentrominner-cityschoolsadjusttotherigor(严格要求)andfasterpaceofauniversityclassroom–andalsotohelpminoritystudentsoverethestereotypethattheyarelessqualified.Wisconsinhasa"laserlikefocus"onbuildingupstudentskillsinthefirstthreemonths,accordingtoviceprovost(教务长)DamonWilliams.
Stateandfederalgovernmentscouldsharpenthatfocuseverywherebybroadlypublishingminoritygraduationrates.ForyearsprivatecollegessuchasPrincetonandMIThehadsuccessbringingminoritiesontocampusinthesummerbeforefreshmanyeartogivethemsomepreparatorycourses.Thenewertrendistostartrecruitingpoorandnon-whitestudentsasearlyastheseventhgrade,usinginnovativetoolstoidentifykidswithsophisticatedverbalskills.Suchprogramscanbeexpensive,ofcourse,butcheapparedwiththemillionsalreadyinvestedinscholarshipsandgrantorkidswhohelittlechancetograduatewithoutspecialsupport.
Witheffortandmoney,thegraduationgapcanbeclosed.WashingtonandLeeisaall,selectiveschoolinLexington,Va.Itsstudentbodyislessthan5%blackandlessthan2%Latino.Whiletheschoolusuallygraduatedabout90%ofitswhites,thegraduationrateofitsblacksandLatinoshaddippedto63%by2007."Wewentthroughadramaticshift,"saysDawnWatkins,thevicepresidentforstudentaffairs.Theschoolaggressivelypushedmentoring(辅导)ofminoritiesbyotherstudentsand"partnering"withparentsataspecialpre-enrollmentsession.Theschoolhaditirst-eve
本文是一篇试题论文范文,关于试题相关毕业论文题目,关于六级英语议文模板2016年相关专升本毕业论文范文。适合试题及教务长及目的方面的的大学硕士和本科毕业论文以及试题相关开题报告范文和职称论文写作参考文献资料下载。
rblackhomeing.Lastspringtheschoolgraduatedthesameproportionofminoritiesasitdidwhites.IftheUnitedStateswantstokeepupintheglobaleconomicrace,itwillhetopaysystematicattentiontograduatingminorities,notjustenrollingthem.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答.
1.Whatistheauthor'ainconcernaboutAmericanhighereducation
A)Theallproportionofminoritystudents.
B)Thelowgraduationratesofminoritystudents.
C)Thegrowingconflictsamongethnicgroups.
D)Thepooracademicperformanceofstudents.
2.WhatwastheprideofPresidentBarryMillsofBowdoinCollege
A)Theprestigeofitsliberalartsprograms.
B)ItsrankingamonguniversitiesinMaine.
C)Thehighgraduationratesofitsstudents.
D)Itsincreasedenrollmentofminoritystudents.
3.WhatistheriskfacingAmerica
A)Itsschoolswillbeoverwhelmedbythegrowingnumberofillegalimmigrants.
B)Therisinggenerationwillbelesswelleducatedthanthepreviousone.
C)Morepoorandnon-whitestudentswillbedeniedaccesstocollege.
D)Itisgoingtoloseitspetitiveedgeinhighereducation.
4.HowmanyAfrican-AmericanstudentsearnedtheirdegreesinCaliforniamunitycollegesaccordingtoarecentreview
A)Fifty-sixpercent.C)Fifteenpercent.
B)Thirty-ninepercent.D)Sixty-sevenpercent.
5.Harvard,Yale,andPrincetonshowalmostnogapbetweenblackandwhitegraduationrateainlybecause.
A)theirstudentsworkharderC)theirclassesaregenerallyaller
B)theyrecruitthebeststudentsD)theygivestudentoreattention
6.HowdoesAmyWilkinsoftheEducationTrustviewminoritystudents'failuretogetadegree
A)Universitiesaretoblame.
B)Studentsdon'tworkhard.
C)Thegovernmentfailstoprovidethenecessarysupport.
D)Affirmativeactionshouldbeheldresponsible.
7.Whydosomestudentsdropoutafterayearortwoaccordingtotheauthor
A)Theyhelostconfidenceinthemselves.
B)Theycannotaffordthehightuition.
C)Theycannotadapttotherigoroftheschool.
D)Theyfailtodevelopinterestintheirstudies.
8.Totackletheproblemofgraduationgap,theUniversityofWisconsin-Madisonhelpinoritystudentsgetoverthestereotypethat_______.
9.Foryears,privatecollegessuchasPrincetonandMITheprovidedminoritystudentswith_______duringthesummerbeforefreshmanyear.
10.WashingtonandLeeUniversityiscitedasanexampletoshowthatthegapofgraduationratesbetweenwhitesandminoritiescan_______.
PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)
SectionA
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicearkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答.
11.A)Shewillgivehimthereceiptlater.
B)Themanshouldmakehisowncopies.
C)Shehasnotgottheman'scopiesready.
D)Themanfottomakethecopieorher.
12.A)ShephonedFredaboutthebook.C)SheranintoFredonherwayhere.
B)Shewaslatefortheappointment.D)Sheoftenkeepsotherpeoplewaiting.
13.A)MarkisnotfittotakechargeoftheStudentUnion.
B)Markisthebestcandidateforthepostofchairman.
C)Itwon'tbeeasyforMarktowintheelection.
D)Femalesaremorepetitivethanmalesinelections.
14.A)Itfailedtoarriveatitsdestinationintime.
B)Itgotseriouslydamagedontheway.
C)ItgotlostattheairportinParis.
D)Itwasleftbehindinthehotel.
15.A)Justmakeuseofwhateverinformationisailable.
B)Putmoreeffortintopreparingforthepresentation.
C)Findmorerelevantinformationfortheirwork.
D)Simplyraisetheissueintheirpresentation.
16.A)ThemanhasdecidedtochooseLanguageStudiesashiajor.
B)Thewomanisn'tinterestedinthepsychologyoflanguage.
C)Themanisstilltryingtosignupforthecourseheisinterestedin.
D)Thewomanisn'tqualifiedtotakethecoursethemanmentioned.
17.A)Theyarebothtoblame.
B)Theyarebotheasytoplease.
C)Theycanmanagetogetalong.
D)Theywillmakepeaceintime.
18.A)Theyareindesperateneedoffinancialassistance.
B)Theyhopetodomiracleswithlimitedresources.
C)Theywanttoborrowahugesumfromthebank.
D)Theyplantobuyouttheirbusinesspartners.
Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhejustheard.
19.A)Wesimplycannothelpreactinginstinctivelythatway.
B)Wewishtohideourindifferencetotheirmiortune.
C)Wederivesomehumoroussatiactionfromtheirmiortune.
D)Wethinkitservesthemrightforbeingmeantootherpeople.
20.A)Theywanttoshowtheirgenuinesympathy.
B)Theyhehadsimilarpersonalexperiences.
C)Theydon'tknowhowtocopewiththesituation.
D)Theydon'twanttorevealtheirownfrustration.
21.A)Theythemselveswouldliketodoitbutdon'tdareto.
B)It'sanopportunityforrelievingtheirtension.
C)It'sararechanceforthemtoseethebossloseface.
D)Theyheseenthianytimesinoldfilms.
22.A)Toirritatethem.C)Torelieveherfeelings.B)Toteachthemalesson.D)Toshowhercourage.
Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhejustheard.
23.A)SmugglingdrugsintoHongKong.C)Stealingafellowpassenger'sbag.
B)Hingmittedarmedrobbery.D)BringingahandgunintoHongKong.
24.A)Hesaidnotasinglewordduringtheentireflight.
B)HetookawayKumar'sbaggagewhilehewasasleep.
C)HewastrellingonascholarshipfromDelhiUniversity.
D)HeissuspectedofhingslippedsomethinginKumar'sbag.
25.A)Givehimalift.C)Checkthepassengerlist.B)FindAlfredFoster.D)Searchallsuspiciouscars.
SectionB
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicearkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答.
PassageOne
Questions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouhejustheard.
26.A)Theythinktrelhasbeeatrend.
B)Theythinktrelgivesthemtheirmoney'sworth.
C)Theyfindmanyofthebanksuntrustworthy.
D)Theylacktheexpertisetomakecapitalinvestments.
27.A)Lowertheirpricestoattractmorecustomers.
B)Introducetrelpackageoryoungtrelers.
C)Designprogramstargetedatretiredcouples.
D)Launchanewprogramofadventuretrips.
28.A)Theroleoftrelagents.C)Thenumberoflast-minutebookings.B)Thewaypeopletrel.D)Thepricesofpolarexpeditions.
PassageTwo
Questions29to31arebasedonthepassageyouhejustheard.
29.A)Theoldstereotypesaboutmenandwomen.
B)Thechangingrolesplayedbymenandwomen.
C)Thedivisionoflaborbetweenmenandwomen.
D)Thewidespreadprejudiceagainstwomen.
30.A)Offermorecreativeandpracticalideasthanmen.
B)Askquestionsthatoftenleadtocontroversy.
C)Speakloudlyenoughtoattractattention.
D)Raiseissuesonbehalfofwomen.
31.A)Toprovethatshecouldearnherlivingasagardener.
B)Toshowthatwomenaremorehardworkingthanmen.
C)Toshowthatwomenarecapableofdoingwhatmendo.
D)Toprovethatshewasreallyirritatedwithherhusband.
PassageThree
Questions32to35arebasedonthepassageyouhejustheard.
32.A)Coveringmajoreventsofthedayinthecity.
B)ReportingcriminaloffensesinGreenville.
C)Huntingneworthedailyheadlines.
D)Writingarticlesonfamilyviolence.
33.A)Itisamuchsaferp
本文是一篇试题论文范文,关于试题相关毕业论文题目,关于六级英语议文模板2016年相关专升本毕业论文范文。适合试题及教务长及目的方面的的大学硕士和本科毕业论文以及试题相关开题报告范文和职称论文写作参考文献资料下载。
lacethanitusedtobe.B)Rapesrarelyoccurinthedowntownareas.
C)Assaultsoftenhappenonschoolcampuses.
D)Ithaewerviolentcrimesthanbigcities.
34.A)Thereareawiderangeofcases.
B)Theyareverydestructive.
C)Therehasbeenariseinsuchcrimes.
D)Theyhearousedfearamongtheresidents.
35.A)Writeaboutsomethingpleasant.C)Offerhelptocrimevictims.B)Dosomeresearchonlocalpolitics.D)Workasanewspapereditor.
SectionC
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhewritten.
注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答.
InAmerica,peoplearefacedwithmoreandmoredecisionseveryday,whetherit'spickingoneof31icecream(36)_____ordecidingwhetherandwhentogetmarried.Thatsoundslikeagreatthing.Butasarecentstudyhasshown,toomanychoicescanmakeus(37)_____,unhappy–evenparalyzedwithindecision.
That's(38)_____truewhenitestotheworkplace,saysBarrySchwartz,anauthorofsixbooksabouthuman(39)_____.Studentsaregraduatingwitha(40)_____ofskillsandinterests,butoftenfindthemselves(41)_____whenitestochoosinganultimatecareergoal.
Inastudy,Schwartzobserveddecision-makingamongcollegestudentsduringtheir(42)_____year.Basedonanswerstoquestionsregardingtheirjob-hunting(43)_____andcareerdecisions,hedividedthestudentsintotwogroups:"maximizers"whoconsidereverypossibleoption,and"satiicers"wholookuntiltheyfindanoptionthatisgoodenough.
Youmightexpectthatthestudents(44)_________________________________.Butitturnsoutthat'snottrue.Schwartzfoundthatwhilemaximizersendedupwithbetterpayingjobsthansatiicersonerage,theyweren'tashappywiththeirdecision.
Thereason(45)_________________________________.Whenyoulookateverypossibleoption,youtendtofocuoreonwhatwasgivenupthanwhatwasgained.Aftersurveyingeveryoption,(46)_________________________________.
PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)
SectionA
Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorinpletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorpletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.PleasewriteyouranswersonAnswerSheet2.
Questions47to51arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Howgoodareyouatsaying"no"Formany,it'ssurprisinglydifficult.Thisisespeciallytrueofeditors,whobynaturetendtobeeagerandengagedparticipantsineverythingtheydo.Considerthesescenarios:
It'slateintheday.Thatfront-pagepackageyou'vebeenworkingonisnearlyplete,onelasteditandit'inished.Entertheexecutiveeditor,whomakesasuggestionrequiringamore-than-modestrearrangementofthedesignandtheadditionofaninformationbox.Youwanttoscream:"No!It'sdone!"Whatdoyoudo
Thefirstruleofsayingnotothebossisdon'tsayno.Sheprobablyhassomethinginmindwhenshemakessuggestions,andit'suptoyoutofindoutwhat.Thesecondruleisdon'traisethestakesbychallengingherauthority.Thatissueisalreadydecided.Thethirdruleistobereadytociteoptionsandconsequences.Theboss'ssuggestionightbeappropriate,buttherearealwaysconsequences.Shemightnotknowaboutthepagesbackingupthatneedattention,oraboutthedesignerwhohadtogohomesick.Tellhershecanhewhatshewants,butexplaintheconsequences.Understandwhatshe'stryingtoacplishandproposeaPlanBthatwillmakeithappenwithoutdestroyingwhatyou'vedonesofar.
Here'sanothercase.Yourleast-foritereportersuggestsadumbstoryidea.Thisoneshouldbeeasy,butit'snot.Ifyousayno,evenpolitely,youriskinhibitingfurtherideas,notjustfromthatreporter,butfromotherswhoheardthatyouturneddowntheidea.Thisscenarioioninnewsroomsthatlackasystematicwaytofilterstorysuggestions.
Twostepsarenecessary.First,youneedasystemforhowstoriesareproposedandreviewed.Reporterscantoleraterejectionoftheirideasiftheybelievetheyweregivenafairhearing.Yourgutreaction(本能反应)anddiissiverejection,evenofaworthlessidea,mightnotqualifyassystematicorfair.
Second,thepeopleyouworkwithneedtonegotiatea"Whatif..."agreementcovering"Whatifmyideaisturneddown"HowarepeopleexpectedtoreactIsthereanappealprocessCantheyrefinetheideaandresubmititByanticipating"Whatif..."situationsbeforetheyhappen,youcanreachunderstandingthatwillhelpeaseyououtofconfrontations.
47.Insteadofdirectlysayingnotoyourboss,youshouldfindout__________.
48.Theauthor'ssecondwarningisthatweshouldoidrunningagreaterriskby__________.
49.Onewayofrespondingtoyourboss'ssuggestionistoexplainthe__________toherandofferanalternativesolution.
50.Toensurefairnesstoreporters,itisimportanttosetupasystemforstoriesto__________.
51.Peoplewholearntoanticipate"Whatif..."situationswillbeabletoreachunderstandingandoid__________.
SectionB
Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageiollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicearkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
PassageOne
Questions52to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Attheheartofthedebateoverillegalimmigrationliesonekeyquestion:areimmigrantsgoodorbadfortheeconomyTheAmericanpublicoverwhelminglythinksthey'rebad.Yettheconsensusamongmosteconomistsisthatimmigration,bothlegalandillegal,providesaallboosttotheeconomy.Immigrantsprovidecheaplabor,lowerthepricesofeverythingfromfarmproducetonewhomes,andleeconsumerswithalittlemoremoneyintheirpockets.Sowhyistheresuchadiscrepancybetweentheperceptionofimmigrants'impactontheeconomyandthereality
Thereareanumberoffamiliartheories.Somearguethatpeopleareanxiousandfeelthreatenedbyaninflowofnewworkers.Othershighlightthestrainthatundocumentedimmigrantsplaceonpublicservices,likeschools,hospitals,andjails.Stillothersemphasizetheroleofrace,arguingthatforeignersaddtothenation'earsandinsecurities.There'ssometruthtoalltheseexplanations,buttheyaren'tquitesufficient.
Togetabetterund
本文是一篇试题论文范文,关于试题相关毕业论文题目,关于六级英语议文模板2016年相关专升本毕业论文范文。适合试题及教务长及目的方面的的大学硕士和本科毕业论文以及试题相关开题报告范文和职称论文写作参考文献资料下载。
erstandingofwhat'sgoingon,considerthewayimmigration'simpactielt.Thoughitsoveralleffectmaybepositive,itscostsandbenefitsaredistributedunevenly.DidCard,aneconomistatUCBerkeley,notesthattheoneswhoprofitmostdirectlyfromimmigrants'low-costlaborarebusinessesandemployers–meatpackingplantsinNebraska,forinstance,oragriculturalbusinessesinCalifornia.Granted,theseproducers'singsprobablytranslateintolowerpricesatthegrocerystore,buthowmanyconsumerakethatmentalconnectionatthecheckoutcounterAorthedrawbacksofillegalimmigration,these,too,areconcentrated.Nativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromthepetitionofforeignlabor.AccordingtoastudybyGeeBorjas,aHarvardeconomist,immigrationreducedthewagesofAmericanhigh-schooldropoutsby9%between1980-2000.Amonghigh-skilled,better-educatedemployees,however,oppositionwasstrongestinstateswithbothhighnumbersofimmigrantsandrelativelygeneroussocialservices.Whatworriedthemmost,inotherwords,wasthefiscal(财政的)burdenofimmigration.Thatconclusionwasreinforcedbyanotherfinding:thattheiroppositionappearedtosoftenwhenthatfiscalburdendecreased,asoccurredwithwelfarereforminthe1990s,whichcurbedimmigrants'accesstocertainbenefits.
Theironyisthatforalltheoverexciteddebate,theeffectofimmigrationiinimal.Evenforthosemostacutelyaffected–say,low-skilledworkers,orCaliforniaresidents–theimpactisn'tallthatdramatic."Theunpleasantvoiceshetendedtodominateourperceptions,"saysDanielTichenor,apoliticalscienceprofessorattheUniversityofOregon."Butwhenallthosefactorsareputtogetherandtheeconomistscalculatethenumbers,itendsupbeingapositive,butaallone."Toobadmostpeopledon'trealizeit.
注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答.
52.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph
A)Whetherimmigrantsaregoodorbadfortheeconomyhasbeenpuzzlingeconomists.
B)TheAmericaneconomyusedtothriveonimmigrationbutnowit'sadifferentstory.
C)Theconsensusamongeconomistsisthatimmigrationshouldnotbeencouraged.
D)Thegeneralpublicthinksdifferentlyfrommosteconomistsontheimpactofimmigration.
53.InwhatwaydoestheauthorthinkordinaryAmericansbenefitfromimmigration
A)Theycanaccessallkindsofpublicservices.
B)Theycangetconsumergoodsatlowerprices.
C)Theycanmixwithpeopleofdifferentcultures.
D)Theycanoiddoingmuchofthemanuallabor.
54.Whydonativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromillegalimmigration
A)Theyhegreaterdifficultygettingwelfaresupport.
B)Theyaremorelikelytoencounterinterracialconflicts.
C)Theyheahardertimegettingajobwithdecentpay.
D)Theyarenomatchforillegalimmigrantsinlaborskills.
55.Whatisthechiefconcernofnativehigh-skilled,better-educatedemployeesabouttheinflowofimmigrants
A)Itmaychangetheexistingsocialstructure.
B)Itmayposeathreattotheireconomicstatus.
C)Itmayleadtosocialinstabilityinthecountry.
D)Itmayplaceagreatstrainonthestatebudget.
56.Whatistheironyaboutthedebateoverimmigration
A)Eveneconomistscan'treachaconsensusaboutitsimpact.
B)Thosewhoareopposedtoitturnouttobenefitmostfromit.
C)Peoplearemakingtoobigafussaboutsomethingofallimpact.
D)Thereisnoessentialdifferencebetweenseeminglyoppositeopinions.
PassageTwo
Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
PictureatypicalMBAlecturetheatretwentyyearsago.Initthemajorityofstudentswillheconformedtothestandardmodelofthetime:male,middleclassandWestern.Walkintoaclasstoday,however,andyou'llgetapletelydifferentimpression.Forastart,youwillnowseeplentymorewomen–theUniversityofPennsylvania'sWhartonSchool,forexample,boaststhat40%ofitsnewenrolmentiemale.Youwillalsoseeawiderangeofethnicgroupsandnationalsofpracticallyeverycountry.
Itmightbetempting,therefore,tothinkthattheoldbarriershebeenbrokendownandequalopportunityachieved.But,increasingly,thisapparentdiversityisbeingamaskforanewtypeofconformity.Behindthedifferencesinsex,skintonesandmothertongues,therearemonattitudes,expectationsandambitionswhichriskcreatingasetofclonesamongthebusinessleadersofthefuture.
Diversity,itseems,hasnothelpedtoaddresundamentalweaknessesinbusinessleadership.SowhatcanbedonetocreatemoreeffectivemanagersofthemercialworldAccordingtoValerieGauthier,associatedeanatHECParis,thekeyliesintheprocessbywhichMBAprogrammesrecruittheirstudents.Atthemomentcandidatesareselectedonafairlynarrowsetofcriteriasuchasprioracademicandcareerperformance,andanalyticalandproblemsolvingabilities.Thisisthencoupledtoaschool'spictureofwhatadiverseclassshouldlooklike,withtheresultthatpassport,ethnicoriginandsexcanallbeeinfluencingfactors.Butschoolsrarelydigdowntofindoutwhatreallymakesanapplicantsucceed,tocreateaclasswhichalsocontainsdiversityofattitudeandapproach–arguablytheonlydiversitythat,inabusinesscontext,reallymatters.
ProfessorGauthierbelievesschoolsshouldnotjustbeselectingcandidateromtraditionalsectorssuchasbanking,consultancyandindustry.Theyshouldalsobeseekingindividualswhohebackgroundsinareassuchaspoliticalscience,thecreativearts,historyorphilosophy,whichwillallowthemtoputbusinessdecisionsintoawidercontext.
Indeed,theredoesseemtobeademandforthemoreroundedleaderssuchdiversitymightcreate.AstudybyMannaz,aleadershipdevelopmentpany,suggeststhat,whilethebully-boychiefexecutiveofoldmaynothebeeneradicatedpletely,thereisadefiniteshiftinemphasistowardslesstoughstylesofmanagement–atleastinAmericaandEurope.Perhapostsignificant,accordingtoMannaz,istheincreasinginterestlargepaniesheinmorecollaborativemanagementmodels,suchasthoseprevalentinScandinia,whichseektointegratethehardandsoftaspectsofleadershipandencouragedelegatedresponsibilityandaccountability.
注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答.
57.Whatcharacterisesthebusinessschoolstudentpopulationoftoday
A)Greaterdiversity.C)Exceptionaldiligence.
B)Intellectualmaturity.D)Higherambition.
58.Whatistheauthor'sconcernaboutcurrentbusinessschooleducation
A)Itwillarousestudents'unrealisticexpectations.
B)Itwillproducebusinessleadersofauniformstyle.
C)Itfocusesontheoryratherthanonpracticalskills.
D)Itstressespetitionratherthancooperation.
59.WhataspectofdiversitydoesValerieGauthierthinkiostimportant
A)Ageandeducationalbackground.C)Attitudeandapproachtobusiness.
B)Socialandprofessionalexperience.D)Ethnicoriginandgender.
60.WhatapplicantsdoestheauthorthinkMBAprogrammesshouldconsiderrecruiting
A)Applicantswithpriorexperienceinbusinesspanies.
B)Applicantswithsoundknowledgeinmathandstatistics.
C)Applicantromoutsidethetraditionalsectors.
D)Applicantromlessdevelopedregionsandareas.
61.WhatdoesMannazsayaboutthecurrentmanagementstyle
A)Itiseradicatingthetoughaspectsofmanagement.
B)Itencouragealeandfemaleexecutivestoworksidebyside.
C)Itadoptsthebull
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y-boychiefexecutivemodel.D)Itisshiftingtowardorecollaborativemodels.
PartVCloze(15minutes)
Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicearkedA),B),C)andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答.
Organisedvolunteeringandworkexperiencehaslongbeenitalpaniontouniversitydegreecourses.Usuallyitisleftto__62__todeducethepotentialfromalistofextracurricularadventuresonagraduate'sresume,__63__nowtheUniversityofBristolhaslaunchedanawardtoformalisetheachievementsofstudentswho__64__timetoactivitiesoutsidetheircourses.BristolPLuSaimstobooststudentsinanincreasingly__65__jobmarketbyhelpingthemacquireworkandlifeskillsalongside__66__qualifications.
"Ourstudentsareaprettyactivebunch,butwefoundthattheydidn't__67__appreciatethevalueofwhattheydid__68__thelecturehall,"saysJeffGoodman,directorofcareersandemployabilityattheuniversity."Employersaremuchmore__69__thantheyusedtobe.Theyusedtolookfor__70__andsawitaspartoftheirjobtoextractthevalueofanapplicant'sskills.Nowtheywantstudentstobeabletoexplainwhythoseskillsare__71__tothejob."
Studentswhosign__72__fortheawardwillbeexpectedtoplete50hoursofworkexperienceor__73__work,attendfourworkshopsonemploy-abilityskills,takepartinanintensiveskills-relatedactivity__74__,crucially,writeasummaryoftheskillstheyhegained.__75__effortswillgainanOutstandingAchievementAward.Thosewho__76__bestonthesportieldcantaketheSportingPLuSAwardwhichfostersemployer-friendlysportsacplishments.
Theexperiencedoesnothetobe__77__anised."We'renotjustinterestedineasilyidentifiableskills,"saysGoodman."__78__,onestudenttooktheleadindealingwithadifficultlandlordandso__79__negotiationskills.Wetrytomaketheexperiencerelevanttoindividuallives."
Goodmanhopesthe__80__willenableactivestudentstofillinanygapsintheirexperienceandencouragetheirless-active__81__totakeupactivitiesoutsidetheiracademicareaofwork.
62.A)advisorsB)specialistsC)criticsD)employers
63.A)whichB)butC)unlessD)since
64.A)divideB)devoteC)deliverD)donate
65.A)harmoniousB)petitiveC)resourcefulD)prosperous
66.A)artisticB)technicalC)academicD)interactive
67.A)dominantlyB)earnestlyC)necessarilyD)gracefully
68.A)outsideB)alongC)overD)through
69.A)generousB)considerateC)enlighteningD)demanding
70.A)originB)initialC)popularityD)potential
71.A)relevantB)responsiveC)reluctantD)respective
72.A)outB)offC)awayD)up
73.A)casualB)electiveC)domesticD)voluntary
74.A)orB)thusC)soD)and
75.A)OccasionalB)ExceptionalC)InformativeD)Relative
76.A)performB)conveyC)circulateD)formulate
77.A)roughlyB)randomlyC)formallyD)fortunately
78.A)ForinstanceB)InessenceC)IncontrastD)Ofcourse
79.A)demonstratedB)determinedC)operatedD)involved
80.A)deviceB)sectionC)schemeD)distraction
81.A)attendantsB)agentsC)membersD)peers
PartVITranslation(5minutes)
Directions:CompletethesentencesbytranslatingintoEnglishtheChinesegiveninbrackets.PleasewriteyourtranslationonAnswerSheet2.
注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答,只需写出译文部分.
82.Eventhoughtheywerealreadylate,they____________________(宁愿停下来欣赏美丽的景色)thanjustgoon.
83.Noagreementwasreachedinthediscussionbetweenthetwoparties,as____________________(任何一方都不肯放弃自己的立场).
84.Thepills____________________(本来可以治愈那位癌症病人的),buthedidn'tfollowthedoctor'sadviceandtakethemregularly.
85.Itis____________________(你真好,给了我那么多帮助),Ireallyfeelobligedtoyou.
86.Thewarleftthefamilyscatteredallovertheworld,anditwasthirtyyears____________________(他们才得以重聚).