本站原创本文是一篇英文期刊论文范文,英文期刊相关电大毕业论文,关于大学生本科毕业文格式江西相关本科论文范文。适合英文期刊及参考文献及英语语法方面的的大学硕士和本科毕业论文以及英文期刊相关开题报告范文和职称论文写作参考文献资料下载。
本科生毕业论文
题目OnMetaphor
论隐喻
学生姓名
学号
专业班级
指导教师
完成时间2016年5月
ONMETAPHOR
THESIS
Submittedinpartialfulfillmentoftherequirementor
ThedegreeofBachelorofArts
InHunanUniversityofArtsandScience
ByLiuBo
Supervisor:LiBin
May2016
HunanUniversityofArtsandScience
摘 要
隐喻研究归根到底是隐喻机制的研究,它是隐喻研究的核心.两千多年来,隐喻一直被仅仅看作一种修辞手段,一种语言的陪衬,被看作是两种不同事物事先存在的相似性的比较或一个词对另一词的替代,进而形成对隐喻阐述的比较论和替代论.现代学者通过大量研究表明,隐喻不仅仅是一种修辞手段,更重要的是,它是人类的主要认知方式.隐喻这一认知方式,给人们一种新的视角,创造一种相似.因此,现代学者着重于阐述相似是如何被创造出来的.在众多的隐喻理论中,影响较大的有布莱克和莱科夫的隐喻理论.
(大约200字左右)
关 键 词:隐喻,搭配,术语
(中文摘 要的内容和关 键 词应与英文摘 要相对应,关 键 词3-5个,词与词之间用分号分开)
Abstract
Themechaniofmetaphorisactuallythenucleusofthestudyofmetaphor.Formorethantwothousandyears,metaphorwasviewedasadeviceofrhetoric,anattachmenttolanguage.Inaccordancewiththisperspective,metaphorwasaparisonbetweentwothingsthatdonotbelongtothesamecategoryorwasregardedasonewordusedtosubstituteanotherbecausetherewerepreexistingsimilaritiesbetweenthem.Asaresultofthisperspective,twotheoriestookshape:onewastheComparisonTheory,theotherwastheTheoryofSubstitution.Butmodernscholarsdiscardtheperspective,holdingthatmetaphorisnotonlyadeviceofrhetoric,tobemoreimportant,itisaleadingwayforhumanbeingstoknowthisworld,awayofthinking.
Keywords:metaphor,collocation,terms
(注意:关 键 词3-5个,词与词之间用分号分开)
Contents
摘 要等等等等等等等等等等等等.i
Abstract等等等等等等等等等.等等.等等..ii
Introduction等等等等等等等...等等..1
ChapterAHistoricalRetrospectionofMetaphor等等...等等...2
1.1AristotelianSchool:Metaphor—ADeviceofRhetoric等..等等.2
1.2ThePlatonicSchool—LanguageisMetaphorical等.等等等.5
等等.
Chapter4TheMechaniofMetaphor等.等等等...15
4.1Black'sInteractionTheory等等等等等....................15
4.1.1IntroductiontotheInteractionTheory等等等等...15
4.1.2SomeDefectsoftheInteractionTheory等等等等16
4.2LakoffianConceptualMetaphorTheory等等等等等...19
等等.
Conclusion等等等等.等等等等等等等42
Bibliography等等等等等等等..等等等等等45
Acknowledgements
(注:正文不少于2章,多于5章,目录页须自动生成,最好控制到标题,所有小1级,2级,3级,4级标题实词首字母大写,所有标题须用名词结构,或至少结构一致,目录中标题和文中标题一致,目论页码和正文页码一致)
Introduction
Thestudyofmetaphorhaslongbeenwithusandthefocusofthestudyisthemechaniofmetaphor.Itisthemostsignificantandindispensablepartofthestudy.Formorethantwothousandyears,thestudyiscarriedonmainlyfromtheperspectiveofrhetoric,viewingmetaphorasadeviceofrhetoric,anembellishmentoflanguage.TherepresentativeofthetheoriesinthislongperiodisAristotle'sComparisonTheoryandQuintilian'sTheoryofSubstitution.Becausemetaphorisnotonlyarhetoricalphenomenon,butalsooneofcognition,theinterpretation等.itioreiofmetaphorthantheothertwo.(以下省略,Introduction部分字数至少需要1个page)
等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等
Chapter1
AHistoricalRetrospectionofMetaphor
1.1AristotelianSchool:Metaphor--ADeviceofRhetoric
AndrewOrtony(1979:3),oneofthemostinfluentialwritersonmetaphor,haspointedout,andtherearefewwhowoulddisagreewithhim,thatitisstillthecasethat"AnyseriousstudyofmetaphorisalmostobligedtostartwiththeworksofAristotle".
InPoetics,Aristotle(350B.C.:71)expoundstheessence,functionandthewayofexplanationofmetaphorasthreenuclei.Hedefineetaphoras"theapplicationofanaliennamebytranerenceeitherfromgenustospecies,orfromspeciestogenus,orfromspeciestospecies,orbyanalogy,thatis,proportion".Thenhegiveourkindsofmetaphor:
Since'lyingatanchor'isaspeciesofthegenus'lying',onecansay'therelieyship'(genus-to-specieetaphor),since'tenthousand'isaspeciesofa'largenumber',onecansayverilytenthousandnobledeedshathOdysseuswrought(species-to-genuetaphor).Since'todrawaway'and'toclee'areeachaspeciesofthegenus'takingaway',onecansaywithbladeofbronzedrewawaythelife(species-to-specieetaphor).Andsinceoldageistolifeaseveningtotheday,onecansaythatoldageistheeveningoflife(ibid.).(此符号ibid.意为同上,引文出处与上相同.)
Allmetaphors,Aristotlebelieves,fallintoatleastoneofthesefourcategories,althoughanalogy等topoetry(ibid.72).Thisperspectiveleadstothelatertheoristakingdistinctionbetweenpoeticlanguageandeverydaylanguage.EspeciallyinChapter21and22ofPoetics,Aristotlestatesthateveryword"iseithercurrent,orstrange,ormetaphor,orornamental,ornewlycoined,orlengthened,orcontracted,oraltered"(ibid.70).ItisobviousthatAristotleclassifieetaphorsaslyingoutsidenormallanguageuse.Theyaredeviantoraberrantformsofdiscourse.Healsoholdsthatmetaphorhasnocognitivevalueandierelyanembellishmentoflanguage(Kittay,1996).Alsointhischapterheelaborateshowmetaphorsareunusual等.Ametaphorcanthereforeonlydescribepreexistingsimilarities.Itcan'tcreatesimilarities(Lakoff&,Johnson,1980:153).(如果在论文中引用同一作者的不同的着作,应加上出版年代以示区别)等等等等等等等等等
Chapter4
TheMechaniofMetaphor
等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等..
4.1Black'sInteractionTheory
4.1.1IntroductiontoInteractionTheory
InteractionTheorywasoriginatedfromI.A.Richards'theory.Inhisdefinitionhesays:"Inthesimplestformulation,whenweuseametaphorwehetwothoughtsofdifferentthingsactivetogetherandsupportedbyasingleword,orphrase,whosemeaningisaresultantoftheirinteraction"(Richard,1998:89).Themostimportantinthisdefinitionis"twoactive等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等
4.3TheConceptualIntegrationTheory
等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等等.
4.3.1AnIntroductiontotheConceptualIntegrationTheory
ConceptualIntegrationTheorywasproposedbyGillesFauconnierandMarkTurner等等等等等
4.3.1.1FourMentalSpaces
InBT,thebasisunitofcognitiveanizationisnotthedomainbutthementalspaces,whichareapartialandtemporaryrepresentationalstructurethatspeakersconstructwhenthinkingortalkingaboutaperceived,imagined,past,present等等等等等等
Conclusion
Thestudyofmetaphoris,inessence,thestudyofhowmetaphorworks.Itisthenucleusofmetaphorstudy.Modernscholarsdiscardtheperspectivethatmetaphorisadeviceofrhetoric,anattachmenttolanguage,andclaimthatmetaphorisofcognitionandisomnipresent,itisawayofhumanthinking.Moreover,theyholdthatmetaphorcreatessimilarityinsteadofparingtwothingswhicharebasedonthepreexistingsimilarity.Hence,themechaniofmetaphoristointerprethowsimilarityiscreated.Black'stheoryandLakoffiantheory,duetosomedefectsanddeficiencies,arenotabletogiveacleardescriptionofthecreationofsimilarity.Theyendeortoexpoundtheappearanceofanewstructureafteranovelmetaphor,buttheyfailtodothatandresultin"isomorphi".
Themechaniofmetaphorissophisticated.Itisaresultofvariouactors.Interacting,projectingandblendingconstitutethep
本文是一篇英文期刊论文范文,英文期刊相关电大毕业论文,关于大学生本科毕业文格式江西相关本科论文范文。适合英文期刊及参考文献及英语语法方面的的大学硕士和本科毕业论文以及英文期刊相关开题报告范文和职称论文写作参考文献资料下载。
rocess.ItisobviousthatBT,onthebasisofthetwoabove-mentionedtheories,focusesonsolvingtheproblemofthe"isomorphi"-structure.Tooidmittingthesamemistakethatalltheknowledge,thefeatureappedfromthesourcedomainandthestructure(topology)ofthetargetdomainareinterwoven等.(Conclusion部分字数至少需要1个pageBibliography
Belletti,A.Thecaseofunaccusatives[J].LinguisticInquiry.1988(19):1-34.
Stowell,Timothy.OriginsofPhraseStructure[D].Cambridge,Mass.:MIT,1981
Williams,E.GovernmentandBindingTheoryandtheMinimalistProgram[M].Oxford:Blackwell.1984.
黄和斌,戴秀华.从IP/CP分析法看若干英语结构[J].外国语,1999(5):25-31.
石毓智.语法的认知语义基础[M].南昌:江西教育出版社,2000.
章振邦.新编英语语法[M].上海:外语教育出版社,1997
Acknowledgements
Iheeternalgratitudeto等,mytutor,forhisinestimablehelpandvaluableinstruction,andtoProfessor等,forhisinsightfullectures,whichinspiremetoposethisdissertation.
IamgreatlyindebtedtoProfessor等forhisallowingmetoheaccesstohisbookspertinenttothisdissertation.
IalsothankthosewhohelpmeincourseofthewritingandwhosenamesIcan'tlisthereonebyone.
注:此页不需要标注页码
i
ii
iii
B.A.ThesisIntroduction
7
B.A.ThesisChapter1AHistoricalRetrospectionofMetaphor
B.A.ThesisChapter4TheMechaniofMetaphor
B.A.ThesisConclusion
B.A.ThesisBibliography
三号黑体,
上空四号一行
上空四号一行
四号,宋体
往下空出一个doublespace
TimesNewRoman,空个字符后关 键 词关 键 词
一级标题:
四号,TimesNewRoman,加粗
一级标题上空一行
TimesNewRoman,三号,加粗,居中,下空一个doublespace
二级标题:
TimesNewRoman,
四号,不加粗,缩进一个字母
标题:
TimesNewRoman,四号,不加粗,缩进2个字母
一级标题上空四号一行
一级标题下空一个doublespace
一级标题TimesNewRoman三号加粗
每段首缩4个字母
正文TimesNewRoman四号,
单倍行距
TimesNewRoman三号,居中加粗,上空四号一行,下空一个doublespace
英文期刊需斜体,首字母大写
标题TimesNewRoman四号,顶格加粗,下不空行,单倍行距
长篇直接引文:前缩进10个字母,后不缩进,上下各空一个doublespace
此处指引文来源:作者姓着作年代:原文页码)
首行再前缩进3个字母(共计前缩进13个字母)
正文下接小节标题空一个doublespace
此处指引文来源:作者姓(着作年代:原文页码)
二级标题,TimesNewRoman四号,顶格加粗,在页首时上下都不空行